Can you run a business (Gewerbe) from your apartment? Yes, but with conditions:
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Office work only (online shop, accounting, consulting)
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No regular customer visits
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No structural changes
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No disturbance to neighbors (noise, smell)
Do you need landlord approval? Yes, mandatory for Gewerbeanmeldung. Rental contracts are for residential use, so written approval is required.
Sample wording: “I, [landlord’s name], landlord of the apartment at [address], hereby grant permission to tenant [your name] to operate a small business at this address and register it with the Gewerbeamt.”
Consequences without approval:
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Rejection by Bürgeramt
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Breach of rental contract → warning or termination
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Tax office may demand proof of legal use
Possible exceptions (risky):
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Freelancer only with laptop → depends on state
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Gewerbe without mail/customers → legally risky
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Virtual office address → no landlord approval needed