Visa § 18a for Skilled Workers with Vocational Training

The § 18a visa is a residence permit for professionals without a university degree (e.g. electricians, mechanics, cooks, nurses, welders, carpenters...). It requires completed vocational training recognized in Germany and a job contract in the same field.

Basic Requirements for § 18a

• Completed foreign vocational qualification (usually at least two years).

• Full recognition in Germany by competent authorities (IHK, HWK...).

• Job contract or binding job offer in the same field.

• Adequate language skills (usually A2–B1 depending on profession).

• No grounds for refusal (e.g. entry ban or criminal record).

Steps for Recognition of Vocational Qualification

1. Identify responsible authority: Chamber of Crafts, Chamber of Industry and Commerce, Nursing Chamber.

2. Submit recognition request via www.anerkennung-in-deutschland.de..

3. Required documents: vocational certificate (translated and certified), work experience, passport, CV, language certificate, examination fee (up to €600).

4. Decision:

   • Full equivalence: immediate visa application possible.

   • Partial equivalence: additional training or examination in Germany required.

Required Documents for Visa § 18a

• Valid passport,

• Job contract or binding offer,

• Recognition decision,

• Vocational certificate (translated and certified),

• CV in German format,

• Language certificate (A2 or B1),

• Proof of accommodation,

• Health insurance,

• Long-term application form Type D,

• Fee payment (usually €75).

Work Plan (Description of Activity)

Sometimes required, including: detailed job description, relation to qualification, career development prospects, integration plan (language courses, further training).

After Arrival in Germany

• Register residence,

• Obtain permanent health insurance card,

• Open bank account,

• Collect residence permit from immigration office.

Application without Full Recognition

Possible via visa § 16d for recognition purposes. After successful recognition, residence converts to § 18a.

High-Demand Professions

Vehicle mechanics, electricians, welders, healthcare assistants, refrigeration technicians, carpenters, masons, cooks, restaurant staff.

Conclusion: The § 18a visa offers skilled workers without a university degree a real opportunity to build a career in Germany, provided their qualifications are officially recognized. Success requires careful planning, complete documentation, and a clear work plan.