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In Germany’s dual vocational training system (Duales Ausbildungssystem), vocational schools (Berufsschule) play a fundamental role that complements practical training in the company. This system combines practical work (in the company) with theoretical study (in school) and aims to prepare the trainee (Azubi) comprehensively for the labor market.
What is a Berufsschule?
A Berufsschule is the school where the trainee is enrolled during the Ausbildung period and attends regularly to learn the theoretical aspects of the profession they are training for.
What does the Berufsschule teach?
The vocational school offers two types of subjects:
| Type | Study content |
|---|---|
| General subjects | German, economics, politics, mathematics, civics |
| Specialized subjects | Occupational theory: techniques, concepts, laws, methodologies related to the field |
Example: In an Ausbildung as an office management assistant (Kaufmann für Büromanagement), students learn subjects such as accounting, labor law, office organization, as well as German and mathematics.
How many school days are there in the Berufsschule?
There are two common models:
| Model | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Blockunterricht | Entire weeks are allocated to school (e.g., 6 weeks school, then 6 weeks company) |
| Teilzeitunterricht | One or two school days per week, the rest practical training in the company |
Why is the Berufsschule important in the dual system?
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Deepening professional understanding: linking theory with practice in the company
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Preparing for final exams (Abschlussprüfung)
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Developing language and math skills needed for work
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Building an educational foundation for future courses or further study
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Strengthening the trainee’s understanding of rights and obligations in the labor market
Is attendance at the Berufsschule mandatory?
Yes, attendance is mandatory and just as important as work in the company. Repeated absence can lead to warnings or even termination of the training.
How does the Berufsschule relate to graduation certificates?
At the end of the training, the trainee takes a final exam organized by:
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the Chamber of Industry and Commerce (IHK), or
-
the Chamber of Crafts (HWK), depending on the profession
However, the vocational school’s assessment is included in the final certificate (Zeugnis).
You receive two certificates:
-
the Berufsschule school certificate
-
the IHK or HWK professional certificate
Are there additional activities in the Berufsschule?
Yes, some schools offer:
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training on writing applications and CVs
-
interview preparation
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field visits to companies or government institutions
-
special language support for foreign students (German as a Second Language – DaZ)
Summary:
| Element | Role of the Berufsschule |
|---|---|
| Theoretical education | Provides the core professional concepts |
| Balance with training | Ideal complement to in-company training |
| Official certificate | School certificate in addition to IHK/HWK certificate |
| Language improvement | Developing general and vocational German |
| Career guidance | Supporting trainees in building their career path |
ـ* The writers and editors team at the website strives to provide accurate information through extensive research and reviewing multiple sources when writing articles. However, some errors may appear or some information may be unconfirmed. Therefore, please consider the information in the articles as an initial reference and always consult the competent authorities for confirmed information.
