Motorcycle licence in Germany – Detailed 2025 guide
Introduction
Getting a motorcycle licence in Germany means committing to a strict training and testing system that is regularly reviewed to ensure the highest safety standards. In 2025, important updates were introduced: adding image-based questions to the theory test, extending the practical test minutes under the improved OPFEP system, and launching trials of the digital licence for smartphones. (tuev-verband.de, TÜV SÜD)
Motorcycle licence categories
| Category | Engine size / Max power | Additional restrictions | Minimum age | Upgrade notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AM | ≤ 50 cc or ≤ 4 kW, ≤ 45 km/h | Light mopeds and scooters | 15 | – |
| A1 | ≤ 125 cc, ≤ 11 kW, ratio ≤ 0.1 kW/kg | Full-face helmet mandatory | 16 | Can upgrade to A2 after 2 years via a shortened practical test |
| A2 | ≤ 35 kW, ratio ≤ 0.2 kW/kg | No restriction allowed if original > 70 kW | 18 | Upgrade to A after 2 years with practical test only |
| A (open) | No limits on size or power | – | 24 (or 20 via upgrade path from A2) | Highest class for all motorcycles |
| B196 | Extension of category B allowing A1 motorcycles in Germany only | 4h theory + 5h practice, no exam | 25 + B licence held for ≥ 5 years | Not valid outside Germany; currently being standardised in Europe (bild.de) |
Category data is based on the ADAC category guide for 2025. (ADAC, ADAC)
Registration requirements
| Requirement | Details |
|---|---|
| Proof of residence | Registered address in Germany + valid ID |
| First-aid course | 9 units (one day); certificate valid for life (ADAC) |
| Eyesight test | At an optician or ophthalmologist; usually €7–€15 (Bußgeldkatalog) |
| Biometric photo + authority fees | €40–€70 depending on the state |
| Age requirement | According to the table above or BF17 accompanied route |
Training path at driving school (Fahrschule)
| Training element | First motorcycle licence | Upgrading (A1→A2 or A2→A) |
|---|---|---|
| Core theory | 12 “general” lessons + 4 “motorcycle” lessons (90 min each) | Usually no theory required when upgrading after 2 years |
| Regular practical lessons | Average 15–25 hours, set by the instructor based on skills | Often 7–12 hours |
| Mandatory special rides (Sonderfahrten) | 5 rural + 4 motorway + 3 night (Fahrschule Müller) | Reduced to 3 / 2 / 1 hours respectively when upgrading |
Theory test
30 questions (20 general + 10 category-specific), maximum 10 error points.
Available in 13 languages including Arabic.
From 1 April 2025, image-based questions were added to assess real traffic situations. (tuev-verband.de)
Exam fee via TÜV/DEKRA is around €25; driving schools often charge €60–€150 as a presentation fee. (ADAC)
Practical test (OPFEP 2025)
| Category | Total test time | Actual riding time |
|---|---|---|
| AM | 30 min | 25 min |
| A1 | 45 min | 30 min |
| A2 / A | 70 min (60 min when upgrading) | 30 min |
The test includes: a quick vehicle check, control manoeuvres (tight circle, obstacle avoidance, emergency braking), then urban, rural and motorway riding. The assessment is documented digitally and handed to you immediately via a QR code. (buzer.de, TÜV SÜD)
One serious mistake (e.g., crossing a solid yellow line, ignoring right of way) results in immediate failure.
Expected costs in 2025
| Expense item | Approx. range (€) |
|---|---|
| Driving school basic fee | 500 – 900 |
| Digital/printed learning materials | 60 – 120 |
| Practical lesson (45 min) | 50 – 85 × number of lessons |
| Special rides (12 hours) | 700 – 1,050 |
| Theory test (TÜV/DEKRA + presentation) | 85 – 180 |
| Practical test | 195 – 440 |
| First aid + eyesight test + photos | 40 – 80 |
| Approx. total | 1,700 – 3,400 |
Figures follow ADAC estimates for motorcycle licence costs in 2025. (ADAC)
Special and alternative routes
B196 programme: A fast option for holders of a B licence who want a 125 cc motorcycle in Germany without an exam; requires only 9 hours of training. (bild.de)
Stufenführerschein (step-up licence): Upgrading from A1 to A2 to A with exemption from the theory exam and reduced riding hours, saving about €1,000 compared to direct entry into A. (Mobile.de)
International conversion: Holders of licences from certain non-EU countries may obtain a German licence after shortened theory and practical tests; this depends on the issuing country.
Frequently asked questions
Is protective gear mandatory during training?
Yes. Rules require an approved helmet, a jacket with protection, gloves, and ankle-covering boots—otherwise the lesson is cancelled.
How many times can I retake the exams?
There is no legal limit, but you must wait two weeks between theory attempts and four weeks after the third consecutive failure of the practical test. (fahrschule-123.de)
Is the German A licence recognised internationally?
Yes within the EU directly; outside the EU often via an International Driving Licence (IDL) obtained from the local authority.
Golden tips to pass
Choose a school with a certified motorcycle instructor and a high pass rate.
Practise manoeuvres (slow balance, avoidance) in a closed area before road lessons.
Schedule the test in mild weather to reduce slip risk and distractions.
Update the question app after each semi-annual release; outdated questions waste time.
Invest in an advanced skills course after passing; it may reduce insurance costs and improve cornering skills.
Conclusion
Thanks to clear category progression, improved digital assessment, and fast-track options like B196, the motorcycle licence in Germany is more flexible than ever—without compromising strict safety standards. By following the steps in this guide and taking both theory and practice seriously, you can prepare for safe and enjoyable riding on German and European roads.
The website’s writers and editors strive to provide accurate information through intensive research and reviewing multiple sources. However, errors may occur or some information may be unconfirmed. Therefore, the information should be treated as an initial reference, and you should always consult the competent authorities for verified details.
