1. What is the Finanzamt?
The Finanzamt is the government authority responsible for collecting and managing taxes. Its duties include:
Income tax
VAT (sales tax)
Corporate tax
Annual tax returns
Tax refunds
Communication with taxpayers
2. How to contact them?
| Method | Details |
|---|---|
| Through official written letters | |
| Phone | Each Finanzamt has its customer service number |
| Limited; only for specific cases | |
| ELSTER portal | Best digital method (www.elster.de) |
| In person | Usually by appointment only |
3. Common situations involving the Finanzamt
| Situation | What to do |
|---|---|
| Submitting a tax return | Via ELSTER or a tax advisor |
| Registering a business / freelance activity | Fill out the “Steuerliche Erfassung” form |
| Requesting a tax refund | Submit your tax return |
| Questions or objections | Send an official objection (Einspruch) |
| Updating personal data | Submit a written request or use ELSTER |
4. Important deadlines
| Action | Deadline |
|---|---|
| Mandatory tax return | July 31 each year |
| With tax advisor | February 28 of the second following year |
| Voluntary refund | Within 4 years after the respective year |
| Monthly/quarterly VAT report | Until the 10th of the next month |
5. Smart tips for dealing with the Finanzamt
Create an ELSTER account to submit everything online
Keep all invoices and documents for 10 years
Be honest and organized — mistakes or delays may cause penalties
Consult a tax advisor if needed
Send important documents via registered mail (Einschreiben)
Useful terms
| German term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Finanzamt | Tax office |
| Steuererklärung | Tax return |
| Rückerstattung | Tax refund |
| ELSTER | Online tax portal |
| Steuerbescheid | Tax assessment notice |
| Einspruch | Formal objection |
Conclusion:
The Finanzamt is your partner, not your enemy!
Good organization, transparency, and respecting deadlines help avoid penalties.
Seek professional help if your case is complicated.
