Everything You Need to Know About Complaints Against the Police and How to File Them with the Public Prosecutor in Germany
In the German justice system, the police are considered the first line of defense in protecting public safety and public order. However, there can be situations where police conduct is criticized or may involve misconduct. For this reason, the law provides clear mechanisms for submitting complaints against the police and having them reviewed by the competent authorities—most notably the public prosecutor’s office.
In this article, we explain how to file a complaint against the police, what procedures follow, and what rights citizens and visitors have in this context.
When can you file a complaint against the police?
If you experience unlawful conduct, such as excessive use of force or torture.
Negligence in performing security duties.
Discrimination or unjustified harassment.
Violations of fundamental rights during searches, arrest, or questioning.
Ways to submit a complaint
1) Filing at a police station or an internal complaints office
You can submit the complaint verbally or in writing at the relevant police station.
Many police units have internal departments responsible for receiving and reviewing complaints.
2) Filing with the Public Prosecutor (Staatsanwaltschaft)
You can submit a complaint directly to the public prosecutor’s office, which has the authority to investigate police conduct.
It is recommended to submit the complaint in writing, with detailed documentation and any available evidence.
3) Approaching independent oversight bodies
Some German federal states have independent oversight bodies that review complaints against the police.
These bodies may issue reports to judicial or legislative institutions.
What happens after you file a complaint?
The prosecutor’s office or the competent body begins examining and investigating the reported facts.
Police officers involved may be summoned to provide statements.
Depending on the findings, a criminal or administrative investigation may be opened.
Rights of the complainant
The right to follow the process and receive information about the complaint’s progress.
The right to protection from retaliation or harassment because of the complaint.
If misconduct is proven, the complainant may seek compensation or pursue legal action against responsible officers.
Tips when filing a complaint
Collect as much evidence as possible: audio/video recordings, witnesses, medical reports.
Write a clear and specific complaint including dates, locations, and the people involved.
Consult a lawyer to protect your rights and ensure proper legal follow-up.
The role of civil society and human rights organizations
Human rights and civil society organizations may offer legal and psychological support.
They help monitor police conduct and promote fair application of the law.
Conclusion
Mechanisms for complaints against the police in Germany are an essential part of oversight and accountability, supporting justice and transparency.
Knowing your rights and the procedures strengthens trust in the rule of law and helps ensure that any misconduct is addressed professionally and fairly.
Disclaimer: The website’s writers and editors strive to provide accurate information through extensive research and consultation of multiple sources. However, errors may occur or some information may remain unconfirmed. Please treat this content as an initial reference and consult the competent authorities for verified information.
